NG Hydrovac offers a full suite of services. 10564 Hwy 75 Bellevue, ID 83313. New excavation careers in boise, id are added daily on SimplyHired. FOLLOW US. has been in the excavation industry for 20 years. The excavator for this project recognized the potential for the underlying lava flow on the site to function as a percolation pond. and Area. We are renowned industry-wide for safety, expertise and cost effectiveness when working in isolated locations or built-up areas with buildings, facilities and infrastructure already in place. Compared to manual digging and airvac, hydrovac excavation is safer because it offers a higher level of precision. hydrovac services. However, with air excavation, the operator uses a mobile air vac unit with a hand-held air spade. Gate Beaver Hydro Vac Excavation System 33,376. Utilizing a wireless remote for boom. Dry Debate. in Boise, ID. It’s gone a long way since it was initially tried in the gold mines of California in the mid-1800s, and it has come a long way since then. get an estimate contact us today. Call 1300 734 772. Hydro Excavation; Water Softeners; Closed Circuit Inspection; All Locations. For example, the Rival T7 hydrovacs are equipped with an 800-gallon water tank and a 7 cubic yard debris tank. With hydrovac services, you have the option of running hot water through the pipe to easily loosen the soil and make the job much easier. 1. Password (8+ characters). 8 Excavating jobs available in Boise, ID on Indeed. While they might sound one and the same, a few distinct. . 6. Call Diamond Hydrovac's professional technicians to schedule your appointment for your daylighting excavation done today at (604) 200-0118. Heavy Equipment Operator (Solar) BHI. I once had a project that required a 4" wide, by 8' deep trench hydrovac'd around the entire project site. Hydro excavation services can be utilized in an industrial plant or. Contact Us. Its advantages over traditional methods include the following: 1. 00 per hour, based on experience with opportunities for pay increases and career advancement! Full availability and understanding to work variable hours averaging between 30-70 hours weekly depending on slow and peak seasons. Learn more about Diamond Hydrovac's services here. FOLLOW US. follow us. Learn more. . Apply to Truck Driver, Equipment Operator, Tanker Driver and more!Key Segments Studied in the Global Hydrovac Trucks (Hydro Excavation) Market. See reviews, photos, directions, phone numbers and more for Hydro Excavation locations in Boise, ID. Email. We are the leading supplier of quality hydrovac hoses, parts and accessories. 46 Excavation jobs available in Boise, ID on Indeed. Catch Basin Services. CONTACT BADGER: 208-813-7489 Get an estimatethe badger hydrovac™ advantage; what is hydrovac excavation? solutions. Shifting to hydrovac units is massive step that drilling companies in Colorado have taken in implementing a better excavation process overall. , Boise Crane, Northern Energy Services, NOV Inc. Here are some of the benefits that hydro excavation can offer you: Accurate excavation. As hydro excavation safely breaks up soil, the soil and water slurry is conveyed by vacuum to a debris tank. anode installations;. Hydro excavation trucks are also ideal for soil trenching. 612-727-3444. HYDROVAC SERVICES. We recently acquired a brand new Peterbilt Hydrovac Mud Dog 1600 and we also own a 2013 Peterbilt Hydrovac Mud Dog 1600. We offer Montana hydro-vac services for your industrial or commercial needs. (TSX:BDGI), is North America's largest provider of non-destructive excavating services and a leader in the hydro-excavation industry! Badger manufactures and designs our truck-mounted hydrovac units, giving us the opportunity to incorporate feedback. Thus, it can be said that hydro. Schedule a 3D Virtual Tour of the 2100i and other Vactor models today, or visit one of the dealers in our expansive network. 00. It’s. and Area. Learn more about Diamond Hydrovac's services here. The popularity started in the oil and gas industry in Canada. . Weekends and extended hours as needed. Hydrovac excavation is a means of earth removal that uses a combination of high-pressure water jets (to blast out rock and liquefy soil), and then a powerful vacuum to clear out the path. Slot trenching. Find equipment Each Badger Hydrovac Truck unit is manufactured in-house and then put into the field with trained operators. Hydrovac excavation can be used in a wide range of industries like construction, utility, landscaping and earth moving, and more. 92 Hydrovac jobs available in Usa+remotely on Indeed. Pay information not. Adler’s hydro-vac trucks use high-pressure water to move soil while simultaneously vacuuming it into a storage container on the truck. Unlike traditional excavation, hydro excavation. Visit our website to learn more about our underground utility services. Hydrovac Excavation Trucks for Construction. Traditional excavation involves using heavy machinery to clear a path in the earth, either with backhoes or by manually digging. S. The experienced team uses high-tech equipment to protect your property during excavation. Required travel up to 25% based on job. $20. If you'd like to set-up an account with us, please call our office at 905-564-HOSE (4673) and once credit approved, you can send us your PO numbers and take 30 days to pay. P. Hydrovac Excavating Inc can be contacted via phone at (845) 742-1710 for pricing, hours and directions. . VACUUM EXCAVATION. LOCATING. can be contacted at . If a hydrovac is used at such places the wet debris can create traffic for the commuters, thus, air excavation service is used such places. com. Badger Daylighting, and its parent company Badger Infrastructure Solutions Ltd. Managing waste - it's a global topic of discussion. Job Description Hydrovac Operator – Boise, ID Location: Boise, ID, United States Date Posted: Jul 24, 2023 Apply Now Description Badger Daylighting, and its. Location: Boise, ID, United States. HYDROVAC SERVICES. This is why Hydrovac Winnipeg offers safe and effective hydrovac excavation for all clients. You need Hydrovac services (aka hydro excavation or vacuum excavation) because they are a safe and efficient way to excavate and clean up soil, debris, and other materials. | For over a decade. Much like the hydrovac, the air vac simultaneously uses an air conveyance or vacuum to transfer the ground or debris to a debris tank of the unit. $20. 2818 W Edson St. Our hydrovac services aim to reduce the risks involved with excavation, and can save you time and money. Hydrovac Excavation | 32 followers on LinkedIn. Search. Accredited. Hydrovac uses pressurized water, and turns the stiff ground into muck. com. CONTACT BADGER: 661-770-6635. Ready to Get Started? Contact Us for a Free Jobsite Consultation Today. Call Us Today. Hydrovac trucks use highly-pressurized water and air jets to first loosen surface material, and then remove the loosened soil using powerful suction. * Join the dedicated Badger Team – the LEADER in the hydro-excavation industry. Badger Daylighting™ Hydrovac Excavation / Vacuum Truck Company - Boise, Idaho Badger Daylighting™ Hydrovac (hydro-excavation) Services Company. Hydro vacuum excavation, or hydrovac, is a safe, non-invasive cleaning method that employs high-pressure water and industrial strength vacuums from a hydro excavation truck to excavate and evacuate dust, dirt, and debris. Apply to Truck Driver, Hydrovac Operator, Sweeper and more!Press release - Market Research Update - Exclusive Report of Hydrovac Trucks (Hydro Excavation) Market Size 2022-2027 by Applications, Cost, Regions, Share, etc. Suite 233 918 Albert St Regina Saskatchewan S4R 2P7 Canada (306) 500-1982. Our vast experience of the construction and pipeline. about us. Precise and accurate excavation also help in repairing the faulty pipelines. in Boise, Idaho, United States Job Description *$26/hour based on experience. Clean, precise and did not damage the underground line exposed. and Area. Excavator hourly rates. The non-mechanical nature of the hydro excavation process reduces the number of laborers ( in most cases), reduces traffic onsite, provides accuracy when digging an area and reduced the chance of cracking below ground utilities such as pipes. For reference, water weighs approximately 8. Required travel up to 25% based on job assignment need. In 2017, hydroexcavating work — mostly daylighting to expose underground utilities or complex excavating in and around sensitive underground utilities — accounted for about $1 million in gross revenue, about 5 percent of. hydrovac, hydro trenching, safe digging, non destructive digging, potholing, daylighting, and vacuum excavation, the procedure is ideal for excavating energized utility lines and problematic main supply lines. Contact Us Today. For debris removal, hydro vacuum excavation is an efficient technique. There are even a hand-held versions of Hydrovacs that allow workers to be very precise in removing material. Staring wages are $28. A variety of waste removal and disposal services . height: 13", length: 39". 100% free SEO audit for your website done by either myself (Joey Randazzo, the owner) or one of our in-house SEO specialists. It can then easily be moved offsite or to another location. HYDROVAC SERVICES. Leidos Boise, ID. Since hydrovac excavation is very precise and time efficient, it tends to be more cost. O. contact@hydrovac-regina. 317-691-1374. Hydrovac machines are special trucks equipped with a unit that delivers pressurized water and another one that generates vacuum. If you have any questions or feedback, we would love to hear from you. it liquefies the soil by injection of water. Their license was verified as active when we last checked. BOX 398 Montgomery, NY 12549. Slot Trenching. badger daylighting™ hydrovac excavating (vacuum truck) company in: boise, idaho, usa. Reduction in costs – a smaller work crew is needed to complete a given size job when utilizing a hydrovac truck as compared with manual digging. “I strive to make every customer feel they are our only customer. It cost like 60k for them to make that trench, and we didn't find anything that one call didn't mark. Who knew that hydrovac excavation could be so convenient and dynamic? 208. Hydrovac Operator – Boise, ID. During the hydrovac process, pressurized water is injected into the ground through a handheld wand. Home; Badger Daylighting™ Boise, Idaho. Precision Hydrovac Excavation offers small company values towards service backed by the knowledge and strength to perform in the large arena. at Badger Daylighting Corp. Badger Daylighting, and its parent company Badger Infrastructure Solutions Ltd. (TSX:BDGI), is North America’s largest provider of non-destructive excavating services. Originally founded by CEO Camron Lente in 2009, NG serviced oilfield related companies on the Western Slope of Colorado. Badger Daylightingâ„¢ - Hydrovac Services Company - Serving Boise, Idaho, ID. com. Ideal for quick access to underground facilities and urban infrastructure without danger. Since it has a hose attached, the digging can happen at distances away from the truck’s holding tank. We understand the necessary balance of prioritizing safety while completing the job in the most time efficient manner for our customers. 75 - $19. Apply to Hydrovac Operator, Excavator Operator, Field Hand and more!The hydrovac excavation truck will direct a high-pressure jet of hot water to breakdown and remove frozen ground material from the site. Hydrovac Excavation; Pile Holes; Sewer Services; Shoring; Slot Trenching; Contact us. 1-888-795-7867. anode installations; daylighting; debris removal; pipelines; potholing; power distribution; service pits; shoring installation;. The office is headed by Allen Jones. 326 Pipeline Excavation $45,000 jobs available on Indeed. In 2011 the company was moved to. Using a Hydrovac Truck is a safe and efficient alternative to conventional methods of excavation and can be utilized year-round as onboard water. 800. Our hydrovac excavation trucks are capable of handling up to 70 cu. COMPARE MODELS. In Alberta, the price of a hydrovac truck can range anywhere from $100,000 to $500,000 depending on the equipment and size of the truck. pd vacuum: 5250 cfm at 2000 rpm. Locate Underground Utilities. com. 8 Hydro Excavation jobs available in Boise, ID on Indeed. How the Hydrovac Process Works . There are ways to make your budget dollar go further than you may have thought possible for excavation, as long as you make smart decisions. Hydrovac contractors offer many different services in Kansas City. Who is Badger? Badger Infrastructure Solutions is the largest provider of non-destructive excavating and related services in North America. For inquiries about NG’s Treasure Valley hydrovac operations Allen Jones can be reached by phone at ( 208) 315-4504 or by email at A. Hydro-Excavation Services. , Mulholland Energy Services, LLC, City of Midland, TX, Earth Systems, HalliburtonSewer Line Replacement. With 20+ years of experience in the construction and excavation industry while running my own business, continuously getting larger projects which has helped me learn more aspects of being a business owner and progressively advancing my skills in heavy equipment. anode installations; daylighting; debris removal; pipelines; potholing; power. Disclaimer: We are a referral service for hydrovac services. That could have been a serious disaster without. GroundBreakers Hydrovac Services, Indianapolis, Indiana. If you have any questions or require our services, please get in contact today. Call us to book your hydrovac services today!Hydro Excavation Experts. Hydrovac excavation is a non-destructive method of excavation that uses pressurized water and a powerful vacuum to quickly and safely expose buried pipes and cables. Contact us to start your hydro-vac project. 318 likes · 3 talking about this · 4 were here. 1. American Vac Services is an Idaho based hydro-excavation contractor. com. This process liquifies the soil causing it to form a slurry mix. Hydrovac services provide efficient and effective mud removal and debris cleanup. Hydrovac only involves water and an air vacuum, minimizing the needs for additional equipment; The equipment for hydrovac can be located far from the actual location being worked, reducing congestion in the work area; Minimizes damages to pipes and existing. Find 184 listings related to Hydro Excavation in Boise on YP. Safety is the biggest concern when working around underground utilities. We offer Minnesota hydro-vac services for your industrial or commercial needs. 1. 63 61 27 2,627,542. contact us. The hydrovac process – also referred to as hydro excavation – solves many problems manual and mechanical methods of digging and excavating create. Company information: US Corporate 4910 N County Road 900 E. You need Hydrovac services (aka hydro excavation or vacuum excavation) because they are a safe and efficient way to excavate and clean up soil, debris, and other materials. at Badger Daylighting Corp. Pipe location. facebook twitter. Must have valid Class A CDL driver's license, Experience with heavy equipment a must, willing to work weekends at times, General labor, labor work. Badger Daylighting, and its parent company Badger Infrastructure Solutions Ltd. Based in Nisku, Alberta, The Hydrovac Company. Denver City, TX. 3. D & R Trucking & Excavation Inc. Hydrovac or Hydrovac excavating is a Hydro excavation method of digging holes. Grider Excavation LLC. This sediment needed to be removed to allow for proper drainage. It is extremely useful for utility and underground line repair work. Vacuum excavation requires two non-mechanical sources:Hydrovac Operator Boise ID Boise Idaho USA (W2d53). Hydrovac Winnipeg places safety first. In addition, hydrovacs are able to. SOLUTIONS. com. American Vac Services, LLC | 17 followers on LinkedIn. These heavy duty, high impact nozzles are constructed. Uses of Hydrovac in Kansas City, MO. Increased Accuracy. For over 30 years, we have been innovating cutting-edge technology – like the Badger Hydrovac™ – and serving a diverse customer base across a broad range of infrastructure industry segments including energy, industrial, construction. Safety. Who knew that hydrovac excavation could be so convenient and dynamic? 208. See salaries, compare reviews, easily apply, and get hired. . , usa. Responsible for the successful completion of hydro excavation projects including utility line exposure, debris removal, trenching, and digging, using a high-pressure wand to loosen the soil and a. Hydrovac excavation: Precise non-mechanical, non-destructive process that uses pressurized water and vacuum to simultaneously excavate & evacuate soil. 100 Hydro Excavation in Lieu of Hand Digging 12 101 Hydrovac Operator Competency and Training Requirements 13 Section II Health and Safety Policy 200 Safety Policy and Program 18 201 Personal Protective Equipment 18 202 Job Planning 18 203 Public and Worker Protection 20 Section III. 721. As a Gold Shovel Standard Certified excavation company, Goliath will go above and beyond for our customers, ensuring complete satisfaction for every job. Products & Services. WE ARE YOUR SOLUTION - HYDRO EXCAVATION | Hydrovac Solutions LLC offers hydro excavation to safely expose existing infrastructure, eliminating. 21 yard debris box (industry standard of 15 yards) vacuum hose: 22” from centerline of truck. What's New with TRUVAC. S. Boise, Idaho. Safety. com. 35 jobs. Diesel Engine, 575CFM, 500 Gallon Spoil Tank, 200 Gallon Water Tank, Reverse Flow, 3000 PSI HIgh Pressure Water, 30' of 3" Hose, Potholing Wand and Tools, 12,000 GWR Trailer, Hyd Door. Watertight Group’s Hydro Vacuum Excavation Unit combined with our highly experienced team proudly service the Sydney CBD, Greater Sydney areas, Illawarra region, ACT, Goulburn, Central Coast and other regional NSW areas. NG is dedicated to delivering exceptional outcomes from each of our business services. Rather than using a standard excavation tool to scoop dirt out of the ground, Hydrovac excavating makes use of water pressure and. 24 Hour Response Time. Boise City Cimarron Water Line Replacement 136,363. We are a trusted provider of hydrovac services throughout the midwest. Apply to Hydrovac Operator and more! 34 excavation jobs available in boise, id. hydrovac. The equipment one needs would include: a large water reservoir, a larger debris tank, an 8-inch diameter suction hose attached to a. mattp 2023-09-21T11:41:56+00:00 CONTACT BADGER: 801-296-8686With these trucks easily costing $100,000 – $500,000 or more for the more equipped trucks they are incredibly large investments for most contractors to make. This allows the soil to be liquefied with great precision and then sucked into the tank of the vacuum truck. One wrong strike with traditional excavation, and you could damage underground power lines, gas lines, water pipes, fiber optics, television, and phone cables. Unlike hydrovac, air excavation is used only under specific environmental conditions. Excavated a large area to expose a coil of power cable at a substation. (TSX:<br><br>BDGI), is North America's largest provider of non-destructive excavating services and a leader in the hydro-excavation industry! Badger manufactures and designs our truck-mounted hydrovac. Excavated a large area to expose a coil of power cable at a substation. Backhoe Operator. , usa. We offer hydro-excavation emergency response 24/7 to ensure we are always available when our clients and the community need us most! REmote Services Remote Digging provides the ability to attach hoses and work remotely from 500+ feet away from the hydrovac truck. Hydrovac excavation is now a widely used method to move land since it is more precise and causes minor damage to existing infrastructure and the environment. Hydro excavation is preferred over other excavation methods because it is the safest, least destructive and most environmentally-friendly method. 63 61 27 Goodwell Texas Sewer Line Replacement 75,057. Hydrovac Excavation, a Safe Way to Work Around Existing Utilites. This hydro vacuum truck excavation process provides optimal efficiencies with the ability to dig while the ground is frozen. Hydrovac Excavations (AUST) Pty Ltd is a leading Hydrovac Excavation, Civil, Electrical and Communications Installer and Service Contractor with a healthy industry reputation for performance, quality and reliability. American Vac Services. denver, co; boise, id; kansas city, mo; charlotte, nc; tampa, fl; dallas/fort worth, tx; nashville, tn; careers; blog; contact LOCATIONS - Badger Inc. follow us. This helps in excavating the land precisely, without causing any damage to the pipes. Our Boise crews are busy! This shot is from the third site in one day. Transwest's team of industry experts is dedicated to. Join to apply for the Hydrovac Operator - Boise, ID role at Badger Daylighting Corp. We offer Hydrovac excavating to partners in a wide variety of industries, including railroad operations, city utility services, construction crews, and much more. Aussie Hydro-Vac Services providers of Vacuum & Hydro Excavation, Drain Cleaning and. The larger Rival T10 hydrovac trucks have four 300 gal water tanks and a 10 cubic yard debris tank. We are equipped with a TC 407 rating (transportation of hazardous goods capable), ensuring the. A Hydrovac & Excavation Company that specializes in the Powerline Industry | A Hydrovac and Excavation Company that. Take a look at this unique excavation project by American Vac Services. Alberta Hydrovac & Excavation Services Call Us Today! 780-271-7187. 6. , usa. Provac are an industry leader in Hydro Vacuum Excavation (Non-Destructive Digging) throughout Melbourne. In these conditions the Badger Hydrovac System maintains its advantage over other vacuum systems and mechanical excavation with continued. At Badger Daylighting our hydrovac's dig efficiently, utilizing pressurized water and proprietary vacuum system to excavate or expose buried. Hydrovac technology can be utilized in a number of ways, such as –. The incumbent operates Hydrovac, and other machines used in construction to excavate, load, dig or. 2624. I jokingly say all hydrovacs are shipped fully legally fully loaded with air. Hydrovac equipment is a powerful and efficient tool that is becoming increasingly popular in the construction and excavation industry. New excavation careers in boise, id are added daily on SimplyHired. This method is non-destructive and allows for the safe and precise excavation of a designated area. WE DO PRIVATE UTILITY LOCATING & HYDROVAC IN CHARLOTTE, NC. We offer hydrovac services in Michigan for your industrial or commercial needs. B. Email Seller Video Chat. Our Hydrovac services offer a safe, non-destructive alternative to traditional excavation methods. How Hydrovac Works 4. The pressurized water softens and mixes with the soil, which creates a malleable slurry that is fed through a large hose. Shop custom built and specced Hydrovac Trucks for Sale by Foremost, Rival, Western Star and Freightliner at Transwest. If Company B. hydrovac. USA. 721. Hydro excavation is preferred over other excavation methods because it is the safest, least destructive and most environmentally-friendly method. We are a trusted provider of hydrovac services throughout the midwest. Hydrovac Operator Boise ID Boise Idaho USA (W2d53). . Call Us Today. 63 61 27. GroundBreakers is a 100% veteran and woman owned non-destructive. 2 For detailed procedures for using hydrovac excavation in the vicinity of pipelines see Appendix 5. Keywords for Excavation + “Service” (All Difficulties) Keywords for Excavation + “Company” (All Difficulties) This guide shares 305. 0 Hydrovac Excavation 6. It is difficult to excavate with cold winters characterized by frozen ground using a traditional. Hydro excavation is non-destructive in comparison and therefore able to safely expose. There is no metal or sharp equipment touching the excavation area. Welcome. The Hydrovac Operator is responsible for the successful completion of hydro excavation processes. Get an estimate Contact us today. GroundBreakers Hydrovac Services, Indianapolis, Indiana. Hydrovac excavation results in “slurry,” which is the combination of mud and water. For over 30 years, we have been innovating cutting-edge technology – like the Badger Hydrovac™ – and serving a diverse customer base across a broad range of infrastructure industry segments including. Most operators charge. Instead of scooping dirt out of the earth with a typical excavation tool, Hydrovac digging uses water pressure and vacuums to make incredibly precise holes and apertures. 00 per hour, based on experience with opportunities for pay increases and career advancement! Full availability and understanding to work variable hours averaging between 30-70 hours weekly depending on slow and peak seasons. Contact us today or call 612-727-3444 to learn more about how Goliath’s hydro excavation services can help you. Unlike. Weekends and extended hours as needed. Hydro excavation is an excavation technique using pressurized water combined with a vacuum system. Select a reason for reporting this job. Badger Daylighting, and its parent company Badger Infrastructure Solutions Ltd. Please call and speak with one of our friendly members of staff or send us an email using our contact form. Skip to content (Hablamos Espanol) 1-352-728-2222 Dealers' CornerHydrovac (Hydro Excavation) Hydrovac excavation has become the preferred method to dig around exposed utilities, electrical systems, and in other areas where traditional excavators and backhoes would cause significant damage. When it comes to providing soft-digging excavation needs with the most efficient tools available on the market, project managers are no strangers to the terms hydrovac excavation and dry suction excavation – or more to the point – wet or dry vac. Pot holing and excavating for the ultra-fast broadband roll-out in Napier, Auckland and Christchurch. . Responsible for the successful completion of hydro excavation projects including utility line. The non-mechanical nature of the hydro excavation process reduces the number of laborers ( in most cases), reduces traffic onsite, provides accuracy when digging an area and reduced the chance of cracking below ground utilities such as pipes. Hydrovac machines are special trucks equipped with a unit that delivers pressurized water and another one that generates vacuum. Call Us: Ira Conklin, President/Vice President (845) 742-1710. 721. We are a trusted provider of hydrovac services throughout the midwest. Air or Dry Excavation is the process of using compressed air to disturb the earth’s soil which is then vacuumed up into a debris tank. It consists of 60% and 40% solids. NG Hydrovac offers a full suite of. Hydrovac is a trenching construction activity; therefore, there is the possibility of inadvertently striking or damaging existing underground utilities. Schedule a 3D Virtual Tour of the 2100i and other Vactor models today, or visit one of the dealers in our expansive network. The Elvis Service Company is dedicated to providing cost-efficient HydroVac Vacuum Excavation services. During a hydrovac excavation process, the soil is liquefied and turned into a slurry mix by injecting water into the ground through a hose. The Badger Hydrovac System is a recognized leader in the non-destructive and non-mechanical excavation category. emilyh 2023-09-21T11:12:15+00:00 CONTACT BADGER: 412-592-8135The risk of injury or property damage is greatly diminished when using hydrovac services. Hydrovac Operator - Boise, ID at Badger Daylighting in United States - Idaho - Boise. 46 Hydrovac jobs available in New York State on Indeed. Facebook Twitter. Hydrovac is a cutting-edge method that harnesses the power of pressurized water and vacuum technology to dig, making it an ideal choice for various projects. Plus, a private utility locator can mark any lines which run beyond a service meter before you break ground. CERTIFIED TRAINING. Hydro excavation is a great technique to protect underground assets - it uses pressurised water to. Let’s take a closer look at what hydro excavation is, how it works, its benefits, and its applications in the field.